In many rural areas, water shortages force residents to depend on local sources that are frequently contaminated due to anthropogenic activity. For instance, in oil palm plantations, workers rely on nearby surface water as their sole source for domestic water needs. Consuming untreated surface water can lead to a range of health issues, from waterborne diseases to life-threatening conditions, particularly over extended periods. While connecting rural locations to centralized water treatment systems can be impractical and costly because of the infrastructure needed, decentralized water treatment becomes a viable solution in supplying clean water for the rural community.